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C-0.4. Subtractive Nomenclature

Subtractive prefixes may be used to express removal of atoms or groups from a compound denoted by a systematic or trivial name.

In a few cases its use is widely recognized: unsaturation in aliphatic compounds and cycloalkanes, bicycloalkanes, etc., is specified by endings "-ene" and "-yne" denoting loss of hydrogen (Rules A-3 and A-11.3); loss of water from two molecules of a monobasic acid or internal loss of water from a dibasic acid is described by the functional class name "anhydride" (Subsection C-4.9); other uses are for naming lactones and related compounds (Subsection C-4.7) and their sulfur analogues.

Three further methods of subtractive nomenclature are in use, namely, the use of the prefixes "de-" (Rule C-41), "nor-" (Rules C-42 and C-43) and "anhydro-" (Rule C-44).

See Recommendations'93 R-1.2.5

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Subtractive Nomenclature
Rule C-41
Rule C-42
Rule C-43
Rule C-44

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This HTML reproduction of Sections A, B and C of IUPAC "Blue Book" is as close as possible to the published version [see Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, Sections A, B, C, D, E, F, and H, Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1979. Copyright 1979 IUPAC.] If you need to cite these rules please quote this reference as their source.

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